📖 Manuel

Kong API Gateway

Workflow

1. Définir les services : backend APIs à exposer.
2. Configurer les routes : mapping des chemins/hosts vers les services.
3. Appliquer les plugins : sécurité, rate limiting, logging.
4. Monitorer : métriques, logs, health checks.

Configuration déclarative (kong.yml)

_format_version: "3.0"

services:
  - name: payment-service
    url: http://payment-api:8080
    connect_timeout: 5000
    write_timeout: 60000
    read_timeout: 60000
    retries: 3
    routes:
      - name: payment-route
        paths:
          - /api/payments
        methods:
          - GET
          - POST
          - PUT
          - DELETE
        strip_path: true
    plugins:
      - name: rate-limiting
        config:
          minute: 100
          policy: redis
          redis_host: redis
      - name: jwt
        config:
          claims_to_verify:
            - exp

  - name: order-service
    url: http://order-api:8080
    routes:
      - name: order-route
        paths:
          - /api/orders
        strip_path: true
    plugins:
      - name: rate-limiting
        config:
          minute: 200
      - name: cors
        config:
          origins:
            - https://app.company.com
          methods:
            - GET
            - POST
          headers:
            - Authorization
            - Content-Type
          max_age: 3600

# Plugins globaux
plugins:
  - name: prometheus
    config:
      per_consumer: true
  - name: file-log
    config:
      path: /var/log/kong/access.log
      reopen: true
  - name: correlation-id
    config:
      header_name: X-Request-ID
      generator: uuid

Plugins essentiels

Administration

# Vérifier la configuration
kong config parse kong.yml

# Appliquer la config déclarative
kong config db_import kong.yml

# Admin API
curl http://localhost:8001/services           # Lister les services
curl http://localhost:8001/routes             # Lister les routes
curl http://localhost:8001/plugins            # Lister les plugins
curl http://localhost:8001/status             # Santé de Kong

Docker Compose

services:
  kong:
    image: kong:3.6
    environment:
      KONG_DATABASE: "off"
      KONG_DECLARATIVE_CONFIG: /kong/kong.yml
      KONG_PROXY_LISTEN: 0.0.0.0:8000
      KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN: 0.0.0.0:8001
      KONG_LOG_LEVEL: info
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"   # Proxy
      - "8001:8001"   # Admin API
    volumes:
      - ./kong.yml:/kong/kong.yml:ro

Règles

• Préférer le mode declarative (DB-less) pour les environnements immutables.
• Les plugins de sécurité (rate limiting, auth) doivent être configurés par route, pas globalement.
• Toujours activer le plugin correlation-id pour la traçabilité distribuée.
• Exposer l'Admin API uniquement sur un réseau interne, jamais publiquement.